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The Madrasah of Muhammad Amin-khan, in Itchan-Kala, is Khiva's most notable landmark and Central Asia's largest madrasah. This two - story building, ordered by Khiva's ruler Muhammad Amin-khan between 1851 and 1854, spans 72 by 60 meters and has 125 khudjras (cells) for 260 students. Each khudjra has two rooms, and those on the second floor include a loggia facing the facade.
The madrasah's five domes and flanking towers stand out. Its facade is decorated with glazed bricks, and the wooden doors have detailed carvings. The majolica facing, with herbal patterns, is impressive. An Arabic inscription above the entrance reads, "This wonderful building will stay here forever to descendants' joy."
Opposite the Kunya-Ark and near the Ata-Darvoza gate, the madrasah is close to the Kalta-Minor minaret, another of Khiva's main symbols. Muhammad Amin-khan also commissioned this minaret, which was to be the world's tallest. However, construction stopped at 29 meters after his death, far short of the planned 70 meters.
Historically, the Madrasah of Muhammad Amin-khan was a wealthy educational institution with many wakf lands. It also housed the Chancery of the Supreme Muslim Courtyard. Today, it serves multiple purposes, including a tour agency, hotel, currency exchange office, and cafe. Despite these modern uses, the madrasah has kept its historical look and continues to impress both residents and visitors of Khiva with its grandeur.
