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Chor Minor Madrasah, located in the historic city of Bukhara, Uzbekistan, is one of the most unique and beautiful architectural monuments in Central Asia. This historic gatehouse for a now-destroyed madrasa is renowned for its distinctive design and rich cultural significance.
Chor Minor Madrasah is situated in the northeast of Bukhara, near the Labi-Hauz complex. Its name, "Chor Minor," which means "four minarets" in Persian, is derived from the four small minarets that adorn the corners of the square-rectangular building.
The four minarets of Chor Minor Madrasah are crowned with azure-blue domes and each has a different shape and decorative style. These minarets are not used for the traditional call to prayer but serve a decorative purpose. The building's design is reminiscent of the Charminar Gate in Hyderabad, India, possibly influenced by the travels of its Turkmen merchant builder, Khalif Niyaz-kul. The central part of the building is a rectangular, two-story structure with a dome, and the front of the madrasah features a courtyard with a small basin.
Built around 1807 by Khalif Niyaz-kul, a wealthy merchant of Turkmen origin, Chor Minor Madrasah was part of a larger complex that included a mosque and student accommodations. The madrasah was intended to serve as a religious school, with the capacity to house around 15-20 students.
The four minarets have been interpreted in various ways. Some believe they represent the four world religions, with elements like crosses and Buddhist prayer wheels incorporated into their design. Others suggest they symbolize the four dynasties of Bukhara's rulers or are dedicated to the four children of Khalif Niyaz-kul.
Today, Chor Minor Madrasah is a well-preserved structure and a popular tourist attraction. It has undergone restoration, with financial assistance from UNESCO, to repair damage caused over time. Visitors can explore the building, climb to the roof for views of the towers, and admire the intricate details that make this monument a highlight of Bukhara's architectural heritage.
Chor Minor Madrasah stands as a testament to the rich history and cultural diversity of Bukhara, offering insights into the region's architectural innovation and religious traditions.
